Mu gihe cyagukaraba mu buryo bw'ibanzeby'imyenda, kuki abantu bahitamo ifu zitandukanye zo kumesa imyenda hakurikijwe ibyo? Benshiinganda zo kumesa imyendabashaka koroshya imikorere yabo no gukoresha ikintu kimwe rusange kugira ngo barangize kumesa. Ariko, abacuruza imiti ikoreshwa mu kumesa batanga nibura ifu eshatu zidasanzwe kuko imyenda y'ipamba iratandukanye, kandi amabara ni menshi. Nta miti ikoreshwa mu kumesa ishobora kuvura imyenda yose n'umwanda.
Ifu yo kumesa imyenda si uruvange rworoshye rwa alkaline. Ni urusobe. (ibikoreshwa mu gusukura imyenda, ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ibirahure, enzymes, ibirwanya kongera gukaraba imyenda, ibishariza imyenda…) Ifu yo kumesa imyenda itandukanye igira imikorere itandukanye yo kumesa binyuze mu guhindura ingano n'ubwoko bw'ibikoresho.
Ifu yo kumesa imyenda
● Ifu rusange
Akenshi ziba zifite alkali nkeya kandi zifite ifuro ryinshi. Bikwiriye kumesa ibintu biboshye nk'amasume, amasume yo kwiyuhagira, n'amatapi yo hasi.
Ubwo bwoko bw'imyenda ifite imiterere idakomeye kandi ifite fibre nyinshi. Bifata byoroshye kandi bigafata uduce duto tw'ubutaka nk'umukungugu, uduce tw'uruhu, n'ibyondo. Ubutaka nk'ubwo buhuza fibre ahanini binyuze mu mbaraga z'umubiri kandi biragoye kubukuraho hakoreshejwe imiti gusa. Gusukura no kunyeganyega bihoraho bivamo ifuro rinini bizamura kandi bigahagarika uduce twinshi mu myenda, ku buryo dushobora gukaraba n'amazi. Nanone, alkali nke ikomeza uburimbane n'ubworoshye bw'imyenda ya terry. Birinda gukomera no kwangirika kw'udusimba biterwa na alkali zikomeye kandi byongera igihe cyo gukora kw'imyenda.
● Ifu ikomeye
Ifite chlorine iri hagati cyangwa iri hejuru cyane. Ingirabuzimafatizo zayo zo gukuraho ibara ni ibintu bikora neza cyane mu bijyanye n'imiti. Ivura ibara ry'ibimera nk'ibibara by'amavuta, ibara ry'amaraso, n'ibibara bya tannin (icyayi, ikawa). Kubera iyo mpamvu, ikwiriye amashuka yo kuryamaho, ibitambaro byo mu gitambaro, imyenda yo ku meza, imyenda y'akazi, n'ibindi bikoresho byo mu gitambaro.
● Ifu yo kumesa imyenda ifite imbaraga nyinshi
Nyuma yo gusukurwa inshuro nyinshi, imyenda yera ikunze guhinduka imvi n'umuhondo kandi igatakaza urumuri. Ibi ntibiterwa gusa n'ibisigazwa by'ibinure, ahubwo biterwa no kwangirika kwa fibre, gushyira ions z'icyuma mu mazi, no kongera gufata ubutaka. Hashingiwe ku buryo bwiza bwo gusukura, ifu yo kumesa imyenda ifite imbaraga nyinshi yibanda ku kunoza umweru, kurwanya kongera guhindurwa, no gukora imikorere ya chelating.
Guhuza Siyansi
Nyuma yo kumenya imiterere y'ubwoko bwose bw'ifu yo kumesa imyenda, abantu bashobora kuyihuza mu buryo bwa siyansi kugira ngo bagere ku ngaruka nziza zo kumesa imyenda hakurikijwe ubwoko butandukanye bw'imyambaro.
● Igitambaro
Ifu rusange yo kumesa: Ifu yo kweza cyane = 1:1.
Ifu yo kumesa imyenda ikuraho neza umwanda uri mu gituza binyuze mu ngaruka z’ifuro ryinshi, kandi ikarinda koroherwa n’igitambaro. Ifu yo kumesa imyenda ikomeye ikuraho inenge z’ifu rusange mu kumesa imyenda no gukumira gucika intege. Ituma imyenda isukura kandi ikagaragara neza nk’umweru kandi woroshye.
● Amashuka yo kuryamaho, igipfukisho cy'igitambaro
Ifu yo kumesa imyenda ikomeye: Ifu yo kumesa ifite imbaraga nyinshi = 1:1.
Ibizinga biri ku buriri ahanini ni sebum y'umuntu, ibyuya, amaraso, n'ibindi biva mu ruhu. Bifata neza. Ifu yo kumesa imyenda ikoresha uburyo bwayo bwo gukuraho uburozi mu buryo bwa shimi kugira ngo isenye neza ibi bizinga by'umwimerere. Nanone, kongeramo ifu ikomeye yo kumesa imyenda bigabanya ibibazo bishobora guterwa n'imvi n'umuhondo ku buriri bitewe no gukoreshwa no kumesa igihe kirekire. Mu gihe ikuraho umwanda, irabagirana cyane ku mwenda kandi igasubiza umweru n'ububengerane bwawo.
Ibisubizo by'Uburyo Busanzwe bwo Gukemura Ibizinga Bigoye
Gukoresha ifu y'ibanze yo kumesa ntibishobora gukuraho umwenda cyangwa umwenda wanduye cyane ufite ibizinga bishaje. Kubwibyo, gukoresha imiti y'inyongera bishobora gufasha kugera ku musaruro mwiza wo kumesa.
● Alkali ikoze mu buryo bukomeye
Mu gihe cyo gukaraba, kongeramo alkali ikoze mu buryo bukomeye ishingiye ku "ifu yo kumesa imyenda ikomeye + ifu yo kumesa imyenda ikomeye cyane" bishobora gukora neza mu gukuraho ibizinga by'amavuta.
● Emulsifier
Yagenewe by'umwihariko imyenda yanduye amavuta menshi y'ubutare, amavuta y'ibimera, cyangwa amavuta y'inyamaswa. Ishobora kwinjira, gushonga no gukwirakwira.
● Ifu ya ogisijeni
Ku bushyuhe bukwiye (ubusanzwe 60–80°C), ishobora gukaraba no gukaraba neza irangi, irangi, n'ibindi bintu bitandukanye by'umwimerere. Ishobora kandi kwica udukoko. Iroroshye ku myenda, bityo ikaba umuti wizewe wo gukoresha mu gukaraba imyenda y'amabara n'umweru.
Ubushyuhe na Gahunda
Iyo ibintu bimeze neza ni bwo imiti myiza ishobora gukora neza. Ubushyuhe n'igihe cyo kongeramo ni ingingo ebyiri z'ingenzi zo kugenzura uko imyenda imeswa.
● Ubushyuhe
Imiti itandukanye ifite ubushyuhe bwiza bwo gukora:
- Protease igaragaza ibikorwa byinshi cyane kuri 40–60°C
- Amavuta: hejuru ya 60°C
- Oxygen bleach: hejuru ya 70°C
- Ifu ya klorini: 65–75°C
● Igihe cyo Gupima Ingano
Uburyo butari bwo bwo gutanga imiti bushobora gutuma imiti ihinduranya cyangwa igacika intege itarakora. Uburyo busanzwe:
amazi akonje anywa kuri 30–40°C → Ongeraho ifu yo kumesa imyenda, emulsifier, n'ibindi bisa icyarimwe → shyiraho uburyo bwose bwo gushonga no gutangira gukora ku byatsi → ubushyuhe burazamuka → Ongeraho bleach cyangwa ibindi bikoresho by'inyongera ku bintu runaka byagenwe (enzymes kuri 55°C, bleach ya ogisijeni kuri 75°C).
Ibikoresho byo kumesa imyenda bigezweho, nk'imashini imesa imyenda yo mu nganda ya Kingstar,Sisitemu yo koza imashini ya Kingstar Automation tunnel, ishobora kumesa imyenda neza. Sisitemu yayo igenzura ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa porogaramu yemerera abayikoresha gushyiraho urwego rw'amazi, imiterere y'ubushyuhe, n'igihe cyo kongeramo imiti mu buryo bwikora ku bikoresho byose bitanga imiti hakurikijwe ubwoko butandukanye bw'imyenda. Ibi bikoresho bizakurikiza neza gahunda kandi bifungure mu buryo bwikora udusanduku tw'imiti kugira ngo haboneke imiti ihagije, igenwa ku gihe, kandi ikoreshwa mu bwinshi. Ibi byemeza ko buri miti ikora mu bushyuhe n'uburyo ikoreshwa neza. Inoza ubwiza bwo kumesa kandi irinda imyanda ya shimi no kugabanya ingaruka zo kumesa ziterwa n'amakosa ya muntu cyangwa intambwe zoroshye.
Umwanzuro
Gukaraba imyenda ni igikorwa gikomeye kandi gishingiye ku buryo bunoze, harimo ubufatanye bw'amazi meza, imbaraga za mekanike, ubushyuhe, igihe, imiti, n'uburyo ikorwa. Gukoresha ikintu kimwe ni kimwe no kureka kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'imyenda, kandi bishobora kwangiza igihe kirekire nko kutagira isuku ihagije y'imyenda, kugabanuka k'umweru, kwangirika kwihuse kw'imyenda, no kwiyongera kw'ibibazo by'abakiriya.
Ibibazo n'Ibisubizo
Q1: Nkwiye gukora iki niba lin ya polyester fibre ifite amashanyarazi menshi adahinduka?
A1: Abantu bashobora kongeramo isabune irinda imihindagurikire y’ikirere iyo bakaraba. Imyenda y’igitambaro ntigomba kuba yumye cyane mu gihe cyo kumisha imashini. Igomba kugumana ubushuhe buri hagati ya 3% na 5%. Abantu bashobora guhitamo icyuma cyumisha gifite agakoresho gapima ubushuhe bw’ikirere kugira ngo basobanukirwe neza urugero rw’ubushuhe bw’ikirere. Gukoresha imashini irinda imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku myenda yo kuryamaho n’ibipfundikizo by’amashuka ku mukandara w’ububiko bishobora kugabanya amashanyarazi ahoraho.
Q2: Kuki hari ibikanka ku cyuma cy'icyuma gikoresha imashini?
A2: Iyoni za kalisiyumu na manyeziyumu mu mazi bikora ibipimo iyo bihuye n'ubushyuhe. Ibipimo bimara igihe kirekire bifatanye n'urukuta rw'imbere rw'icyuma. Kubwibyo, amaduka amesa imyenda agomba guhitamo gukoresha amazi yoroshye.
Q3: Ni gute wakuramo ingano mu cyuma cyuma?
A: Ushobora gukoresha icyuma cyabigize umwuga cyo gukuraho ubushyuhe. Dukurikije amabwiriza, ushobora kubugabanyamo amazi hanyuma ugakoresha umuti wo guhanagura ubuso bwa silinda yumisha. Hanyuma, oza kenshi n'amazi, bifasha kwirinda kwangirika kwa silinda yumisha. Cyangwa, nyuma yuko silinda yumisha ikonje neza, abantu bashobora gukoresha icyuma cyihariye cyo gusya (cyoroshye kurusha icyuma cyuma cyuma kugira ngo hirindwe gushwanyagurika) no gusya buhoro buhoro ubuso. Ubwo buryo bubiri burashobora kandi guhuzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-27-2026