Mu mikorere ya buri munsi y'ubuyobozi bwa hoteli, umweru w'ishati y'umweru ni cyo gipimo cyumvikana cyo gupima ubwiza bw'imyenda. Byaba ari amashuka yo kuryamaho n'ibipfundikizo by'icyumba cy'abashyitsi muri hoteli, cyangwa se ari igitambaro cyo ku meza muri resitora, umwenda wera ukeye kandi wera nk'umushya uhora uha abashyitsi ishusho nziza. Ariko, benshiimesa imyenda yo muri hoteliAbakora ubushakashatsi basanga nubwo hakorwa ibara ry’umweru risanzwe, umwenda wera ushobora kuba ugifite umuhondo woroshye cyangwa ibizinga by’umukara. Ibi ntibiterwa no kumesa nabi, ahubwo biterwa nuko umwenda ubwawo uzakura urumuri rw’ubururu ruto mu mucyo karemano, bigatuma habaho umweru utari mwiza. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwenda wera ugomba guhora uhabwa uburyo bwo kwera bushingiye ku ibara ry’umwimerere kugira ngo ubone umweru nyawo kandi uhinduke.
Guhindura ibara ry'uruhu
Gusukura imyenda ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kumesa imyenda y'umweru. Icya mbere ni ugukoresha uburyo bwo kugabanya ibara ry'imyenda kugira ngo ikureho ibara ry'imyenda, ridashobora gukurwaho byoroshye no kuyimesa bisanzwe, bigasubizaho ubwiza bw'imyenda ubwayo. Icya kabiri ni ukunoza umweru w'imyenda y'umweru no kunoza ubwiza bw'imyenda y'amabara meza.
Nyuma yo koza, gukaraba mbere, no gukaraba mu buryo bw'ibanze, ibizinga bishonga mu mazi, ibizinga bishonga mu mavuta, n'umwanda ukomeye bishobora gukurwaho neza. Ariko, ibizinga bya kawa, ibizinga by'amaraso, ibizinga by'umutobe, n'ibindi bizinga by'ibara bishobora gukurwaho gusa hakoreshejwe ogisijeni cyangwa kugabanya ingaruka mu nzira yo gukaraba. Urugero, hemoglobine iri mu maraso irakomera iyo ishyizwe mu bushyuhe kandi ntishobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe gukaraba bisanzwe, mu gihe bleach ishobora kwangiza imiterere yayo ya molekile ikayihinduramo ibintu bishonga biva mu myanda. Ku mwenda wera, bleach si iyo gukuraho umwanda gusa ahubwo ni n'ingenzi ku kwera. Ishobora kwangiza uburyo ibara ryinjiramo hakoreshejwe insinga z'imyenda kugira ngo ishyireho urufatiro rw'uburyo bukurikira bwo kwera.
Igihe cyo Guhindura Ibara ry'Umutuku
Ingaruka zo gusibanganya ntizishobora kunozwa kuko igihe kirekire. Ishingiro ni ubushobozi bwo kurekura bleach. Mu gihe gikwiye (ubushyuhe bukwiye, pH ifite agaciro ka 10.5), bleach ishobora gushonga neza mu muti mu munota umwe nyuma yo kongerwamo. Mu minota 6 kugeza kuri 8, ingaruka za chlorine cyangwa ibindi bintu bikora zirangira zirekuye. Muri iki gihe, ingano ya chlorine ikora neza ni hafi 10ppm. Mu nzira yo gusohora amazi, iyo ingano ya chlorine ikora neza iri munsi ya 10ppm, ubwinshi bwa bleach buba buri hafi kurangira. Kongera igihe bishobora kongera ingufu zikoreshwa aho kunoza ingaruka.
Ku sosiyete imesa imyenda yo muri hoteli, gushyiraho igihe cyo gusiga irangi ry’umweru mu buryo bukwiye bishobora kunoza cyane imikorere. Urugero, gahunda zo gusiga irangi ry’amashuka yo kuryamaho, amashuka, n’andi mashashi y’umweru zishobora gushyirwaho iminota 8 kugeza ku 10. Bishobora gutuma ibikoresho bikora neza bikora neza kandi birinda gutakaza ingufu bitari ngombwa. Nanone, abantu bagomba kwita ku miterere y’ibikoresho bikora neza. Irangi rya chlorine risohora vuba ibikoresho bikora neza, kandi irangi ry’umweru mu gihe kirekire rishobora kwangiza imigozi y’imyenda. Irangi rya oxygen bleach ni rito cyane, ku buryo igihe gishobora kumara igihe kinini. (Umunota 1 kugeza kuri 2 ni byiza. Igihe cyose kigomba kuba munsi y’iminota 10 kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka nyinshi.)
Ubushyuhe bwo gusohora ibara ry'uruhu
Ubushyuhe ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubururu. Ubururu butandukanye bukenera ubushyuhe butandukanye. Gushyiraho ubushyuhe butari bwo bishobora gutuma imyenda ya hariri ihinduka umuhondo kurushaho nyuma yo gutukura.
● Ifu ya klorini
Ishobora gusigwa ku myenda yera y'ipamba. Ubushyuhe bugomba kuba munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 65. Ibi biterwa nuko bleach ya chlorine ishobora gushonga iyo ubushyuhe bwinshi bukabije, bigatuma chlorine irushaho kuba nto kandi igatera ububobere, umuhondo, ndetse no kwangirika kw'imigozi y'imyenda. Ahagana kuri dogere selisiyusi 60 ni cyo gihe cyiza cya bleach ya chlorine, ishobora gutuma igihe cyo gusiba ndetse ikagabanya kwangirika kw'imigozi.
● Ifu ya ogisijeni
Ishobora gushyirwa ku mwenda w'amabara cyangwa imyenda ishobora kwangirika na chlorine. Ubushyuhe bushobora gushyirwa kuri 70°C kugeza 90°C. Ubushyuhe bwinshi bushobora gutuma peroxides muri bleach ya ogisijeni ikora neza kandi ikongera ubushobozi bwo gukaraba, cyane cyane mu gukuraho amabara akomeye. Urugero, nyuma yo gukoresha bleach ya ogisijeni ya 80°C, amabara ashingiye ku mavuta arashonga. Amabara y'amavuta ntashobora gushonga gusa, ahubwo n'umweru ushobora kongerwaho ibirenze 20%.
Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe n'igihe bigomba guhindurwa mu buryo buhuye. Muri rusange, kuri buri kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bwa 10℃, igihe cyo gusiba gishobora kugabanywamo kabiri. Dufashe urugero rwa bleach ya chlorine, igihe cyo gusiba ni iminota 8 kuri 60℃, kandi igihe cyo gusiba kigomba kongerwaho iminota 15 niba ubushyuhe bugabanutse bukagera kuri 50℃, niba abantu bashaka ingaruka zimwe. Isosiyete imesa imyenda ishobora guhindura ubushyuhe n'igihe kugira ngo igere ku buringanire hagati y'imikorere myiza n'igihe cyo gukora imyenda.
Agaciro ka pH
Agaciro ka pH k'ubwogero bwo koza kazagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buryo umwenda wihuta, ari nabyo byoroshye kwirengagiza. Igerageza ryerekana ko iyo pH idafite aho ibogamiye (7), bleach itera kwangirika gukomeye ku myenda. Mu gihe cy'aside, nubwo umuvuduko wo gusiba uzihuta, bizatuma fibre icika kandi imbaraga zayo zigagabanuka, ku buryo ibi bishobora gukoreshwa gusa ku birahure bikomeye cyane, kandi ntibyemewe gukoresha ubu buryo mu buryo busanzwe.gukaraba.
Kuri bleach ya chlorine, pH nziza ni hagati ya 10.2 na 10.5. Muri iki gihe, imikorere y'umuti ukuraho uruhu iba ihamye, ibyo bikaba bidatuma gusa habaho ko oxidation ikomeza buhoro buhoro ahubwo binagabanya kwangirika kw'imigozi ku rugero runini. Mu bikorwa bifatika, uburyo bwo koza no gusukura uruhu bushobora gukorwa icyarimwe. Ahantu hafite alkaline mu gikorwa cyo gukaraba uruhu (ubusanzwe pH 10-11) hashobora kuzuza ibisabwa na bleach ya chlorine hatabayeho guhindura pH. Ibi bishobora koroshya igikorwa no kugabanya ikiguzi. bleach ya ogisijeni igomba gukorerwa ahantu hari alkaline nkeya (pH 9 kugeza 10) kugira ngo hirindwe ko ahantu hari aside hashobora kwangiza imiterere ya peroxide.
Kweza
Nubwo iri munsi y'umusemburo mwiza, umwenda wera ntushobora kuba urimo urumuri ruhagije kubera ko urumuri rw'ubururu rushobora kwinjiza. Muri ibi bihe, uburyo bwo kuvura umweru buri gihe kandi mu buryo buhagije buba intambwe y'ingenzi. Imiti ivura umwijima ifata urumuri rwa ultraviolet ikarekura urumuri rw'ubururu kugira ngo yishyure igihombo cyo kwinjiza umwijima giterwa n'imyenda. Ishobora kunoza umweru mu maso no gutuma umwenda ugira isura y'umweru.
Uburyo bwo kuvura umweru bugomba kuba buri gihe kandi bungana. Gusukura cyane bizatuma umwenda uhinduka ubururu, atari karemano. Inshuro nke ntizishobora kugumana ingaruka z'umweru kandi zirabagirana. Ni byiza gukora ubwo buryo bwo kuvura umweru rimwe cyangwa kabiri kuri umwenda ukunze gukoreshwa buri cyumweru. Udukoresho two kuvura umweru tugomba kongerwaho 0.1%-0.3% by'uburemere bwa buri mwenda igihe cyose cyo koza. Nanone, udukoresho two kuvura umweru tugomba kuba duhuye na bleach. Udukoresho two kuvura umwijima, nyuma yo kuvurwa na bleach ya chlorine, tugomba kozwa neza kugira ngo chlorine isigaye ikureho. Hanyuma, inzira yo kuvura umweru ishobora gukorwa. Bitabaye ibyo, bizagira ingaruka mbi ku ngaruka zo kuvura umweru.
Umwanzuro
Ubuziranenge n'ubushya bw'ishati yera si impanuka. Ni uruvange rw'amavuta ya siyansi n'isukura neza. Umukozi wo muri hoteli agomba kumenya neza igihe, ubushyuhe, n'agaciro ka pH mu guhuza no gukora igenamigambi akurikije inshuro ikoreshwa. Ibi ni byo byonyine bishobora gutuma abantu bagumana ubuziranenge n'urumuri bya buri gitambaro cy'ishati yera. Ibi bituma abashyitsi ba hoteli bagira uburambe bwiza kandi bikanabafasha.ibigo by'imyenda yo kumesakugira izina rihamye n'icyizere gihamye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-05-2025