Muri iyi nkuru, turasesengura ingaruka mbi z'uburyo bwo gucunga imyenda y'amatafari buriho ubu.
Imiterere idahwitse y'icyumba cyo kumesa imyenda n'imirimo yo gushyiramo imigabane mu byiciro itararangira
● Ahantu ho gushyiramo imyenda yanduye n'ahagenewe gushyiramo imyenda isukuye yakumesaIcyumba gifunguye neza, nta bice bifunze neza. Imyenda yogejwe n'imyenda yanduye birundanyirizwa ahantu hamwe ho gutunganyirizwa. Imyenda yanduye iba isoko ikomeye y'umwanda.
● Ahantu ho gushyira imyenda yanduye nta hantu ho gukusanyiriza imyenda yanduye (nta hantu hazwi ho kubara imyenda yanduye), aho gutondeka imyenda, aho kumesa imyenda, aho kwica udukoko, aho kubika imodoka zanduye, n'aho abakozi bahindurira imyenda.
● Nta hantu hagenewe kumisha, ahantu ho gutera ipasi, ahantu ho gutondekanya no gupfunyika, aho gukwirakwiza, aho gusana, aho kubika, aho gusukura no kubika imodoka, cyangwa aho guhindurira abakozi ibikoresho, nibindi.
● Ibikorwa byose byo gukaraba bikorerwa ahantu hamwe. Nta bikoresho byo kwica udukoko bihari, kandi umwuka, amatara, umwuka uhumeka, amazi, pisine, nibindi, ntabwo byujuje ibisabwa mu gukaraba kwa muganga.
● Nta tandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’umuryango uva ku mwenda wanduye ujya mu cyumba cyo kumeseramo imyenda n’inzira iva ku mwenda usukuye ujya mu cyumba cyo kumeseramo imyenda. Imyenda isukuye n’imyenda yanduye isangiye inzira imwe yo kwinjira no gusohokamo ndetse n’uburyo bumwe bwo gutwara abantu.
Byongeye kandi, ingendo z’abantu zitagira aho zigarukira zishobora gutera ubwandu. Uburyo bwose bwo gukaraba ntibushobora kuva ku mwanda ukajya ku isuku hatabayeho inzira inyuramo cyangwa inzira inyuramo, kandi hari amahirwe akomeye yo kwandura indwara zitandukanye.
Ibikoresho bya kera byo kumesa imyenda
● Itsindaibikoresho byo kumesaishaje kandi imaze igihe kirekire ikoreshwa, ku buryo inyinshi mu nganda zishaje. Imirimo y'abakozi ntabwo isanzwe. Imyenda yo mu cyumba cyo kumeseramo imyenda irashya, ibi bikaba biteza akaga kenshi gahishe ku mutekano w'inkongi z'umuriro mu bitaro.
● Ibikoresho byo kumesa bikora urusaku rwinshi. Imyenda yo kumesa nyuma yo kumesa ifite ububobere bwinshi. Amazi yanduye asohoka ni menshi. Gutunganya ibikoresho byo kumesa ni kenshi kandi biragoye. Ibi bigira ingaruka ku bidukikije muri rusange by’ibitaro kandi byongera ingorane mu buyobozi n’ikiguzi.
● Bitewe n'ibikoresho byo kumesa imyenda bidakora neza, ibikorwa by'abakozi bifite urwego rwo hejuru rw'imikorere idahwitse, bigatuma umutungo utandukanye nk'amazi, amashanyarazi, umwuka ushyushye, n'ibikoresho bya chimique bipfa ubusa.
● Ibikoresho byo kurangiza nyuma yo gukaraba ntabwo ari byiza. Gutera ipasi no gupfunyika imyenda n'ibitanda (ibitanda) ntibihagije, bigira ingaruka ku bunararibonye bw'umukoresha.
Uburyo budasobanutse bwo kumesa imyenda yanduye
● Mu gihe cyo kumesa, umwenda wanduye mbere yo kumesa n'umwenda usukuye nyuma yo kumesa birashyirwamo kandi bigakurwa mu muryango umwe wo gupakira. Uwo mwenda ukoreshwa n'umuntu umwe mbere na nyuma yo kumesa. Ibi bivamo kwanduza bidakoreshejwe.
● Imyenda ikoreshwa n'abaganga, imyenda y'uruhinja, imyenda y'uruhinja ku buriri bw'abarwayi, imyenda y'uruhinja mu byumba byo kubaga no mu byumba byo kubaga, imyenda yanduye cyangwa yanduye cyane, nibindi, ntishobora kumeswa ukwayo no mu bice bitandukanye. (ibyago bikomeye byo kwandura indwara zitandukanye)
Amategeko n'amabwiriza atuzuye y'icyumba cyo kumeseramo imyenda
Mu gihe cyose cyo kumesa, nta mategeko cyangwa ibisabwa birambuye byanditse ku bijyanye no gukusanya, gutondeka, kumesa, kumisha, gupfunyika, gutera ipasi, gusana, gupakira, kubika, gukwirakwiza no gutwara imyenda yanduye. Nta buryo bwiza bwo guhugura cyangwa uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibintu. Bishingiye gusa ku bunararibonye bw'akazi.
Ibi bitanga ibisubizo bikurikira:
● Uburyo bwo gukaraba budafite ishingiro
Ubwiza bw'imyenda yo kumesa ntibushobora kwemezwa. Uduce twinshi ntidushobora gukurwaho. Imyenda yo kumeswa ihinduka umuhondo n'imvi nyuma yo kuyimesa igihe kirekire, bigatuma abantu bumva nabi.
● Igikorwa cyo gukaraba ku buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko
Nta mabwiriza afatika ariho kurigukarabaUbunini, ubushyuhe bwo kumesa, igihe cyo kumesa, ingano y'ibikoresho bya shimi, igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bya shimi, uburyo ibikoresho bya shimi bikoreshwa, n'igihe cyo kumisha buri nkono y'imashini imesa. Ibi bigira ingaruka cyane ku buzima bw'imashini imesa, kandi bigatuma imashini nyinshi zisesagurwa.
● Isuzuma ridahagije
Mu gihe cyo gutunganya imyenda y'ibitambaro, bitewe n'isuzuma rito, ibicuruzwa byinshi bitari byujuje ubuziranenge byimuriwe mu mashami y'ubuvuzi, bituma ayo mashami adahabwa agaciro gahagije.
Imyenda yagombaga gusanwa ntiyasanwe.
Imyenda yagombaga kuba yaratunganyijwe kandi ikameswa ntabwo yongeye kumeswa.
Imyenda yagombaga gukurwaho ntiyatoraguwe vuba ngo irandurwe…
● Gusesagura imiti idahagije
Gusukura imyenda mu cyumba cyo kumeseramo imbere ntibikorwa neza. Nta hantu habigenewe cyangwa uburyo bw'umwuga bwo gusukura no kwica udukoko mu bikoresho bitandukanye bikoreshwa (amatoroli yo gutwara, ibikoresho byo gupakira, ibitebo bya pulasitiki…) Ibi byongera amahirwe yo gusukura imyenda isukuye.
● Igenzura ridahagije
Ibipimo by'isuku y'umwenda (pH igomba kuba hagati ya 6.5 na 7.5) n'ibipimo bya mikorobe (umubare wose wa bagiteri ≤200, nta mikorobe za coliform na Staphylococcus aureus…) ntibyapimwe buri munsi. Ibi ntibihuye n'ibisabwa n'abaganga.
Gutondekanya no Kubara Imyenda y'Imyenda Biteye Impamo
● Kugira ngo hirindwe kwandura indwara zitandukanye, ibiryamirwa bijyanwa n'abakozi bashinzwe isuku muri buri shami mu cyumba cyo kumeseramo imyenda aho kubarwa imbonankubone n'abaforomo bari mu byumba by'isuku.
Ibi bikunze gutera amakimbirane n'amakimbirane hagati y'icyumba cyo kumeseramo imyenda n'abakozi bashinzwe imicungire y'umutungo ku bijyanye n'amakuru yerekeye ihererekanya ry'imyenda.
● Gukoresha imyenda y'ibitambaro mu ishami byarushijeho kwiyongera ndetse binagora abakozi bamesa imyenda.
Ibi bitera gukwirakwira kenshi kw'indwara no kwitiranya amashami y'ubuvuzi.
● Ku myenda myinshi y'ubudodo, abantu bashobora kubona amazina yahinduwe n'ayanditswe n'intoki y'amashami, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw'imyenda y'ubuganga.
Ibura ry'ibikoresho byo kumesera mu cyumba cyo kumesa imyenda
● Iyo icyumba cyo kumeseramo imyenda kigizweho ingaruka n’ibintu bitari ibya muntu nko kubura amazi n’amashanyarazi, ubushyuhe buke bw’imbeho, ibyuka bidafite umwuka mwiza, n’ibikoresho bidakora neza, amashami y’ubuvuzi akunze kwihutira kwinubira bitewe no kudashobora gutanga imyenda.
● Iyo ibitaro biguze imyenda yo kwa muganga ku giti cyabyo, bigomba gukurikiza inzira imwe yo gutanga amasoko. Kubera iyo mpamvu, akenshi binanirwa kugendana n'umuvuduko wo gusiba no kuvugurura imyenda yo kwa muganga ku gihe. Ibi bigatera ingorane cyangwa ibura ry'ibiciro by'imitako yo kwa muganga.
Amahame adasobanutse neza yo gukaraba ibitanda
Nta bipimo birambuye byo gusiba imyenda y'ibitambaro. Imyenda yangiritse yasanwe inshuro nyinshi mbere y'uko bivugwa ko yatakaye, ibyo bikaba byarangije isura rusange y'ubuvuzi.
Abarwayi bakira abana nabo ntibashaka gukoresha imyenda irimo uduce twinshi, bityo bigatuma amashami y’ubuvuzi akunda kwakira ibirego by’abarwayi. Ibi bitera ibibazo byinshi mu micungire y’imitako y’ubuvuzi mu bitaro.
Urujijo rw'amatsinda atandukanye y'ibitanda
Ibitaro bishyira mu bikorwa gahunda imwe yo kugura imyenda y'ibitambaro.
Mu gihe cyo kugura, biragoye kwemeza ubwiza bw'imyenda hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kumva. Akenshi bahitamo abayicuruza hashingiwe ku giciro. Bitewe n'impinduka mu bayicuruza n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyigura, hari itandukaniro ry'ubwiza mu myenda yaguzwe. Akenshi ihinduka ikoreshwa nyuma yo kuyimesa inshuro nyinshi bitewe n'umuvuduko ukabije wo kuyimesa cyangwa ibara rigabanuka cyane nyuma yo kuyimesa mu bushyuhe bwinshi bitewe n'uko ibara ritagenda neza. Ibi bitera kutishimira mu mashami y'ubuvuzi iyo akoresha imyenda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Nzeri 2025