Hamwe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'ubukungu bw'Ubushinwa, imiyoboro y'ubukerarugendo n'inganda za hoteri byateye imbere, bikaba byashimishije ku isoko ryukarantu. Mugihe imiterere yubukungu bw'Ubushinwa akomeje guhinduka, imirenge itandukanye irimo gukura, kandi isoko ryo gukaraba ni ibintu ntibisanzwe. Iyi ngingo isize mu bice bitandukanye byisoko ryimyenda yubushinwa, ishakisha imikurire, imigendekere, nibizaza.
1. Ingano yisoko no gukura
Kuva 2020, ingano yisoko ryinganda zubushinwa inganda zubushinwa zigeze kuri miliyari 8.5 zigera kuri miliyari 8.5, hamwe nigipimo cyo gukura cya 8.5%. Ingano yo gukaraba Ingano yo koza yari miliyari 2,5, ifite umuvuduko wo gukura wa 10.5%. Ingano yo kubungabunga ibicuruzwa yari hafi miliyari 3, ikura na 7%, mugihe isoko ryamanywa rikoreshwa naryo rihagaze kuri miliyari 3 zabaga, kwiyongera kwa 6%. Iyi mibare yerekana ko ingano yisoko ryinganda zubushinwa zizakomeza kwaguka, ukomeza kwiyongera kwiyongera no kwerekana ubushobozi bunini bwinganda.
Ubwiyongere buhoraho bwo kwiyongera kwingufu bugaragaza ibisabwa byo koza imyenda mu Bushinwa. Iki cyifuzo kitwarwa nibintu byinshi, harimo nubuzima bwo kubaho, kwagura ubukerarugendo no mu mirenge y'ubukerarugendo no kwakira abashyitsi, ndetse no kumenya isuku no kugira isuku. Mu myaka yashize, ingano yisoko yakomeje gukura, yerekana imiterere yinganda.
2. Isoko ryo koza isoko
Mu rwego rwo koza ibikoresho byo gukaraba, nko mu 2010, abazara tunnel batangiye kwemezwa cyane mu bashinwa. Abazara tunnel, bazwiho imikorere n'ubushobozi, bahinduye inganda zo gukaraba imyenda. Kuva muri 2015 kugeza 2020, umubare w'abahunzi mu Bushinwa umaze kuzamuka, hashyirwaho umubare w'iterambere ry'umwaka urenga 20%, ukugera mu mikurire 934. Iyi nzira yo gukura irashimangira kwiyongera ku ikoranabuhanga riza imbere mu nganda.
Igihe ibintu by'agaryama byagendaga gahoro gahoro gahoro gahoro gahoro mu nganda z'ubushinwa babonye iterambere ryihuse muri 2021, rigera ku bice 1,214, ku rwego rwo gukura kw'imyaka hafi 30%. Iri ndwara irashobora kwitirirwa kwibanda ku isuku n'isuku nyuma y'icyorezo. Imyenda n'ibikoresho byo gukaraba byashoye cyane mu kuzamura ibikoresho byabo kugirango byubahiriza ibipimo bishya n'ibisabwa.
Kwegera abashemza tunnel byazanye inyungu nyinshi mu nganda. Izi mashini zirashoboye gukoresha ingano nini yo kumesa neza, kugabanya igihe n'umurimo usabwa wo gukaraba. Byongeye kandi, batanga amazi meza ningufu, bigira uruhare mu kuzigama no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Nkimese asesagura izi mashini zigana, umusaruro rusange kandi imikorere yinganda zishyirwaho.
3. Umusaruro wo mu rugo ibikoresho byo koza ibikoresho
Byongeye kandi, kuva 2015 kugeza 2020, igipimo cyo gukora mu rugo rwa Tunnel yamesa mu nganda z'ibikoresho by'Ubushinwa byiyongera, agera kuri 84.2% mu myaka ya 2020. Iri terambere ritanga urufatiro rukomeye rwo kwiyongera kw'inganda z'ubushinwa.
Kuzamuka mu musaruro wo mu rugo ni Isezerano mu bushinwa bugenda bwiyongera mu gukora ibikoresho byo gukaraba byateye imbere. Abakora abakora baho bashora imari mubushakashatsi niterambere kugirango bongere ibicuruzwa byabo no kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga. Uku guhindura imbonankubone ntabwo igabanya gusa kwishingikiriza kubitumizwa mu mahanga ahubwo iteza imbere udushya n'ikoranabuhanga mu gihugu.
4. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya
Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryagize uruhare rukomeye muguhindura isoko ryumushinwa. Abakora bakomeje guhangayikinisha kugirango bateze imbere imashini zimesa neza, zizewe, kandi zinyigisho zangiza eco. Udushya twavuyemo iterambere ryinshi mugukaraba inzira, biganisha kubisubizo byiza hamwe nabakiriya bo hejuru.
Iterambere rimwe na rimwe rigaragara ni guhuza tekinoroji yubwenge mu mashini imesa. Ibikoresho byo gukaraba bigezweho bifite ibikoresho bya sensor na sisitemu yo kugenzura byerekana ko gukaraba inzinguzingo zishingiye ku bwoko n'umutwaro. Ibi bintu byubwenge bigongera imikorere nubushobozi bwo gukaraba, kugabanya amazi ningufu.
Byongeye kandi, iterambere ryibikoresho byangiza ibidukikije no gusukura byagize uruhare mukurangura isoko. Abakora baribanda ku gutanga ibitekerezo bitarimo gukora neza gusa ahubwo bafite umutekano mubidukikije. Ibicuruzwa byangiza ibidukikije byunguka ibyamamare mubaguzi bagenda barushaho kuba bazi ibidukikije.
5. Ingaruka za Covid-19
Ihuriro ryinshi-19 ryagize ingaruka zikomeye mu nganda zinyuranye, kandi Isoko ryoza imyenda ntirisanzwe. Kwishimangira kwibanda ku isuku no mu isuku byatumye habaho icyifuzo cyo gukaraba, cyane cyane mu mirenge nko kwivuza, kwakira abashyitsi, na serivisi zibiribwa. Iki gihe cyiyongereye cyatumye abataka bashora imari mu bikoresho byo koza byateye imbere hamwe nikoranabuhanga kugirango bahure nubuziranenge bwisuku.
Byongeye kandi, icyorezo cyihutiye kwemeza ibisubizo bitabanje kandi byikora. Imyenda igenda yinjiza ahitamo kugabanya intervention no kugabanya ibyago byo kwanduza. Iyi sisitemu yikora yitangira gahunda nziza kandi isuku, itanga amahoro yo mumutima kubakiriya.
6. INGORANE N'INGENZI
Mugihe Isoko ryimyenda yubushinwa ryerekana amahirwe menshi, ihura nibibazo bimwe. Imwe mu mbogamizi zingenzi ni ikiguzi cyo kuzamuka cyibikoresho byibikoresho n'imbaraga mbi. Abakora bakeneye gushakisha uburyo bwo kunoza inzira zabo zo gutanga umusaruro no kugabanya ibiciro batabangamiye ku bwiza. Ibi bisaba guhanga udushya no kunonosora.
Indi mbogamizi ni irushanwa ryiyongera ku isoko. Hamwe no gukurura serivisi zoza, abakinnyi benshi binjira mu nganda, gukaza amarushanwa. Kugira ngo uguma imbere, ibigo bikeneye gutandukanya binyuze mubwiza buhebuje, udushya, hamwe na serivisi nziza y'abakiriya.
Nubwo izo mbogamizi, isoko ritanga amahirwe akomeye yo gukura. Icyiciro cyo Kwagura Ubushinwa, hamwe no Kumenyekanisha Isuku nisuku, byerekana ishingiro ryabakiriya banini rya serivisi zoza. Byongeye kandi, ikura ikura zometse kumesa na hoteri, ibitaro, n'ibindi bigo bitanga imigenzo ihamye ku musozi.
7. Ibyiringiro bizaza
Urebye imbere, ahazaza h'ibiti byo koza imyenda y'Abashinwa bigaragara ko bitanga ikizere. Biteganijwe ko inganda zikomeza inzira yo gukura, iyobowe no kwiyongera kwiyongera kwa serivisi hamwe niterambere rikomeza mubuhanga. Abakora birashoboka gushora imari mubushakashatsi niterambere kugirango batezimbere ibisubizo bishya bihatira abakiriya bakeneye.
Byongeye kandi, kwibanda ku kuramba no kubungabunga ibidukikije biteganijwe ko bizashiraho ejo hazaza h'isoko. Nkuko abaguzi barushaho kumenya ingaruka zabo zishingiye ku bidukikije, hazabaho icyifuzo cyo guhoza ibidukikije. Abakora bazakenera gushyira imbere gukomeza guteza imbere ibicuruzwa nibikorwa kugirango babone iki gisabwa.
Mu gusoza, Isoko ry'imyenda y'Abashinwa ryateje iterambere ryinshi mu myaka yashize, riyobowe n'imirenge yo kwagura, iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, hagamijwe kuzamuka kw'isuku n'isuku. Ingano yisoko ikomeje kwaguka, no kwemeza ibikoresho byo gukaraba byateye imbere nkabazamutse tunnel bari kugenda. Umusaruro wo mu rugo wo mu rugo wo koza ibikoresho byerekana ubushobozi bwo gukora imikoreshereze y'ubushinwa.
Mugihe isoko ihura nibibazo nkibiciro byo kuzamuka no kongera amarushanwa, bitanga kandi amahirwe menshi yo gukura. Ejo hazaza h'inganda zirasa n'ingaruka, hamwe n'ibikorwa byakomeje gukorwa mu ikoranabuhanga no kwibanda ku kuramba. Nkuko isoko ihindagurika, abakora nabatanga serivisi bakeneye kuguma agile kandi bahangashya kugirango bakemuke amahirwe kandi bahuze ibyifuzo byabakiriya.
Igihe cya nyuma: Jul-09-2024