Mu rwego rwo kumesa inganda, kwemeza isuku yimyenda ni iyambere, cyane cyane mubuvuzi aho usanga amahame yisuku ari ngombwa. Sisitemu yo gukaraba itanga ibisubizo bigezweho kubikorwa binini byo kumesa, ariko uburyo bwo koza bwakoreshejwe burashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumasuku yimyenda. Sisitemu yo kumesa ikoresha uburyo bubiri bwo koza: "icyinjira kimwe nogusohoka kamwe" na "gukaraba-bigezweho."
Imiterere "imwe yinjira nogusohoka imwe" ikubiyemo buri cyumba cyo koza cyateguwe hamwe n’amazi yigenga. Ubu buryo, buzwi nka "icyinjira kimwe nuburyo bumwe bwo gusohoka," bugira akamaro mukubungabunga isuku. Ikora ku ihame risa nuburyo butatu bwo kwoza bukoreshwa mumashini imesa yihariye, kureba ko buri cyumba gifite amazi meza yinjira kandi asohoka, bifasha mukwoza neza imyenda. Igishushanyo gikundwa cyane cyane kubuvuzi bwa tunnel.
Imyenda yubuvuzi ishyizwe mubwoko bune bwingenzi: imyenda yabarwayi, imyenda yakazi (harimo amakoti yera), ibitanda, nibikoresho byo kubaga. Ibyo byiciro bifite ibiranga bitandukanye ukurikije ibara nibikoresho. Kurugero, imiti yo kubaga isanzwe iba icyatsi kibisi kandi ikunda guhinduka amabara no kumeneka mugihe cyo gukaraba hamwe nubushyuhe hamwe nubumara. Niba hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kwoza ibintu, amazi yongeye gukoreshwa, arimo lint n'ibisigazwa by'amabara, arashobora kwanduza imyenda yera. Uku kwanduzanya kurashobora gutuma imyenda yera igura icyatsi kibisi hamwe nicyatsi kibaga icyatsi kibisi cyera. Kubwibyo, kugirango habeho amahame yo hejuru yisuku nisuku, ibikorwa byo kumesa mubuvuzi bigomba kwemeza uburyo bwo kwoza "kwinjira no gusohoka umwe".
Muri iyi miterere, amazi yoza kumazi yo kubaga acungwa ukwayo kugirango wirinde kwanduzanya. Amazi akoreshwa mukwoza imiti yo kubaga arashobora kongera gukoreshwa mugukaraba ibindi bikoresho byo kubaga, ntabwo ari imyenda yera cyangwa ubundi bwoko. Iri tandukanyirizo ryemeza ko buri bwoko bwimyenda igumana ibara ryayo nisuku.
Byongeye kandi, gushyira mubikorwa inzira ebyiri zamazi ningirakamaro mugucunga neza amazi. Inzira imwe igomba kuyobora amazi mukigega cyo kubikamo kugirango ikoreshwe, mugihe indi igomba kugana umwanda. Imashini ikoreshwa mugikorwa cyo gukaraba igomba no kugira inzira ebyiri zamazi: imwe yo gukusanya ikigega cyo kubika indi yo guta imyanda. Ubu buryo bubiri butuma amazi y’amabara ahita ajugunywa mu miyoboro y’amazi, akemeza ko itavanze n’amazi adashobora gukoreshwa, ashobora gukusanyirizwa mu bubiko kugira ngo ayakoreshe nyuma. Sisitemu yongerera imbaraga imbaraga zo kubungabunga amazi kandi ikomeza ubwiza bwimyenda.
Ikintu cyingenzi muri iyi sisitemu ni ugushyiramo akayunguruzo. Akayunguruzo kagenewe kuvanaho fibre yimyenda mumazi, ikemeza ko amazi yongeye gukoreshwa mugukaraba adafite umwanda. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kubungabunga ubwiza bwamabara menshi yo gukaraba.
Mugihe ibikoresho byo koza-bigezweho bishobora gukoreshwa mugukaraba imyenda itandukanye y'amabara, bitera ibibazo muburyo bwo gukoresha no gukoresha ingufu. Gukaraba amabara atandukanye bikurikiranye nta gutemba neza cyangwa gutandukana birashobora gutuma ingufu zikoreshwa kandi bikagabanya imikorere. Kugira ngo ibi bigabanuke, ibikoresho byo kumesa byubuvuzi bifite umubyimba mwinshi hamwe nogesa tunel nyinshi birashobora gutegura ibikorwa byabo kugirango batandukane imyenda yo kubaga amabara nubundi bwoko bwo kuryama. Ubu buryo butuma imyenda y'ibara rimwe yogejwe hamwe, bigatuma amazi akoreshwa neza kandi akazigama ingufu.
Kwemeza "kwinjirira hamwe no gusohoka umwe" uburyo bwo koza mumashanyarazi ya tunnel byongerera isuku isuku nisuku kandi bigateza imbere amazi n’ingufu birambye. Mugucunga neza uburyo bwo kwoza no gukoresha sisitemu zo kuyungurura, ibikorwa byo kumesa ubuvuzi birashobora kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru rwisuku mugihe hagomba gukoreshwa neza umutungo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-16-2024