2024 International The Textare i Frankfurt ni urubuga rwingenzi rwitumanaho ryinganda mu nganda zisesa. Isuku y'imyenda, nk'ikibazo gikomeye, cyaganiriweho nitsinda ryinzobere yi Burayi. Mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi, isuku y'imyenda y'ibindi by'ubuvuzi ni ngombwa, ijyanye no kugenzura indwara zifitanye isano mu bitaro n'ubuzima n'umutekano w'abarwayi n'umutekano by'abarwayi.
Ibipimo bitandukanye
Hariho amahame atandukanye yo kuyobora uburyo bwo kuvura imyenda yubuvuzi mu turere dutandukanye kwisi. Ibipimo nibyingenzi kuri twe kugirango tumenye neza ubuziranenge bwaImyenda yo kuvura.
❑ China
Mu Bushinwa, WS / T 508-2016Amabwiriza yo gukaraba no kwanduza tekinike yubuvuzi mubyerekezo byubuzimaBiragaragara ko ibisabwa byibanze byo gukaraba no kwanduza imyenda yubuvuzi mubitaro.
USA
Muri Amerika, ibipimo byakozwe n'ishyirahamwe ryabanyamiperi biyandikishije (ARON) Gupfundikanya amakanzu yo kubaga, no gusunika, harimo gusukura, kwanduza, kubika, no gutwara, no gutwara. Hashimangiweho hagamijwe gukumira kwanduza no kwemeza ibidukikije bifite umutekano. Urukurikirane rw'amabwiriza yo kurwanya ubuzima bw'inzu kandi rwasohotse kandi ibigo byo kurwanya no gukumira no gukumira (CDC) muri Amerika kugira ngo dutange ubuyobozi bwo gukora imyenda y'ubuvuzi.
Uburayi
Sisitemu y'imyenda- yavugije imyenda itunganijwe- bioContaminations ivugwa n'umuryango w'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'Uburayi iteganya ibisabwa by'isuku yo gukemura ubwoko bw'imyenda yose. Ibikoresho byubuvuzi biyobora (MDD) nibice byimihame ihuza kandi bikurikizwa no kuvuraImyenda ijyanye n'ubuvuzi.
Ariko, gukaraba gusa no kwanduza gusa ntibihagije kubera ko imyenda yo kozwa iracyafite ibyago byo kwandura, nko guhura numwuka wanduye, uhura ninyanja idahwitse, nibindi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, mu nzira zose zo gukusanya imyenda y'ubuvuzi zo kurekura imyenda y'ubuvuzi, ingingo z'ingenzi zikurikira zigira uruhare rukomeye mu kureba ko imyambarire y'ubuvuzi yujuje ubuziranenge bw'ubuvuzi.
INGINGO Z'INGENZI ZO GUKORA AMAFARANGA YUBUVUZI
Gutandukana
Ahantu h'imyenda isukuye kandi ahantu handuye bigomba gutandukana cyane. Kurugero, imyenda yose isukuye igomba kugira igitutu cyiza cyumwuka mubijyanye n'akarere kanduye mubihe byose. (Umuryango urakinguye cyangwa ufunze). Mubikorwa byakazi, imyenda yanduye cyangwa amagare ntagomba guhamagara imyenda isukuye cyangwa amagare. Igice kigomba kubakwa kugirango wirinde imyenda yanduye yo kuvugana imyenda isukuye. Byongeye kandi, amahame yo kumurora akomeye agomba gushyirwaho kugirango abakozi badakwiye kwinjira ahantu hasukuye kuva aho banduzwa.
Sersenction rusange y'abakozi
Kwanduza rusange kw'abakozi ni ngombwa. Abakozi bo mumwamikazi Mariya Ibitaro Hong Kong ntabwo yitaye cyane ku gusukura amaboko bityo impanuka yo kwandura ubuvuzi. Niba abakozi bakaraba intoki badakoresheje uburyo bwa 6-intambwe yo gukaraba intoki, hanyuma imyenda isukuye izandurirwa ingaruka zabarwayi nabandi bakozi. Nkigisubizo, birakenewe gufata amahugurwa yikiganza kubakozi bose hamwe no gushyira ibikoresho byo gukaraba intoki no kwanduza amaboko. Irashobora kwemeza ko mugihe uvuye ahantu handuye cyangwa winjire ahantu hasukuye, abakozi barashobora kwanduza ubwabo.
Gusukura Ibidukikije
Imirenge yose yaagace kanseribigomba guhorana buri gihe ukurikije ibipimo, harimo guhumeka, kwanduza ubuso, no kubika inyandiko. Kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho lint birashobora gutanga ibidukikije byiza kubakozi ndetse n'imyambarire.
Gutererana icyombo cya Turnover
Nyuma yo gusukurwa, imodoka, amagare, inzabya, umupfundiri, imirongo, kandi rero igomba gusukurwa no kwanduzwa mbere yo kongera gukoreshwa. Kandi, inyandiko zigomba kubikwa neza.
Gurinda ibisambanyi mugihe cyo gutwara
Hagomba kubaho politiki nuburyo bwo kwikuramo imyenda neza. Amagare atwara imyenda isukuye agomba gusukurwa no kwanduzwa mbere yo gukoreshwa no gutwikirwa ibifuniko bisukuye. Abantu bakora imyenda isukuye bagomba kugira isuku nziza. Ubuso buri buryo busukuye bwashyizwe kandi bugomba kwanduzwa buri gihe.
Gukoresha ikirere
Niba ibintu byemewe, ubuyobozi bwubwiza bwikirere bugomba gukorwa kugirango bugenzure umwuka kuva ahantu handuye ahantu hasukuye. Igishushanyo mbonera cyindege kigomba gutuma ahantu hasukuye bafite igitutu cyiza kandi agace kanduye gafite igitutu kibi kugirango ndebe ko umwuka uva mukarere keza.
Urufunguzo rwo kugenzura igipimo cyisuku cyo gukaraba ibitero byubuvuzi: inzira yo kumesa neza
Gutondeka
Abantu bagomba gushyira imyenda yubuvuzi ukurikije ubwoko, urwego rwumwanda, kandi niba rwanduye, twirinda kuvanga ibintu byimbitse bifite ibintu byanduye byoroshye kugirango bavure ibintu byanduye. Byongeye kandi, abakozi bakemura imyenda yubuvuzi bagomba kwitondera uburinzi bwumuntu ku giti cyabo, bakabuza guhura namazi yumubiri wumurwayi, kandi bakagenzura mugihe imirambo nibintu bikarishye hamwe nibintu bikarishye mu mwenda.
Gutesha agaciro
Abantu bagomba gukaraba rwose no kwanduza ibihingwa byubuvuzi ukurikije ibisabwa byitondewe byimyenda yubuvuzi. Kandi, hagomba kubaho inzira idasanzwe yo gukora isuku yimyenda yandujwe nibiyobyabwenge biteye akaga. Kubwibyo, birakenewe kugenzura imitwaro yo koza, urwego rwamazi kuri buri cyiciro, ubushyuhe nigihe cyo gukora isuku kugirango habeho ingaruka zo gukaraba no kwanduza.
Kuma
Inzira yo kumisha ishingiye kubintu bitatu: Igihe, ubushyuhe no gutonda kugirango urebeKumayumisha imyenda yubuvuzi mubihe byiza. Batatu kuri batatu "ts" (igihe, ubushyuhe, kurambirwa) ntabwo ari ngombwa gusa kumisha gusa, ahubwo ni intambwe yingenzi mugukuraho bagiteri, ifarashi, na spore. Ubwoko butandukanye bwibitabo bugomba kwemeza gahunda zitandukanye zumisha kugirango habeho igihe gikonje.
❑ Ironing no kuzinga
Mbere yaibroningInzira, imyenda yubuvuzi igomba kugenzurwa neza. Imyenda itujuje ibisabwa igomba gusubizwa kongera gukaraba. Imyenda yangiritse igomba gusiba cyangwa gukubitwa nkuko byateganijwe. Ryarikuzinga, abakozi bagomba gukora isuku ryibiboko no kwanduza hakiri kare.
❑ Amapaki n'agateganyo by'agateganyo
Mugihe upakira, ubushyuhe bwamavuta bugomba kuba buhuye nubushyuhe bwibidukikije, kandi agace ka cache kagomba kuba dufite ingamba zo kurwanya ibinyampeke na gahunda zo kwemeza ko umwuka ari mwiza kandi wumye.
Umwanzuro
Yaba ari uruganda rwo gukaraba kwa buri gatatu cyangwa icyumba cyo kumesa mu bitaro, ibi bisabwa by'ibanze bigomba kwishyurwa kandi byashyizwe mu bikorwa byimazeyo mu bikorwa bya buri munsi kugira ngo ubuzima bw'imyenda y'ubuvuzi bugerweho.
Clm'Ingandaragura inganda, zumisha gahunda, n'amashyamba na ibrosers n'ububiko mu buryo bwo kurangiza neza mu buryo bw'ibicuruzwa by'isuku by'imyenda y'ubuvuzi. Barashobora gukora neza kandi bafite ingufu nke zo gukaraba ibisambanyi, kwanduza, hamwe nindi mirimo. Muri icyo gihe, Ikipe ya serivisi ya CLM ifite uburambe bukize, irashobora guha abakiriya igenamigambi ryiza no gutegura ubuvuzi, kandi ni umufatanyabikorwa wizewe mu nganda zo gukaraba.
Igihe cyohereza: Ukuboza-09-2024