Ikiguzi kinini cy’uruganda rutunganya imyenda ni ikiguzi cy’abakozi n’ikiguzi cy’umwuka ushyushye. Igipimo cy’ikiguzi cy’abakozi (usibye ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho) mu nganda nyinshi zitunganya imyenda kigera kuri 20%, naho igipimo cy’umwuka ushyushye kigera kuri 30%.Sisitemu zo koza amazi mu miyoboroishobora gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kugabanya ikiguzi cy'abakozi, no kuzigama amazi n'umwuka ushyushye. Nanone, imiterere itandukanye y'uburyo bwo koza imyenda yo mu tunnels igabanya ingufu ishobora kongera inyungu z'inganda zimesa imyenda.
Mu gihe cyo kugura sisitemu zo koza imyenda yo mu tunnel, twagombye gusuzuma niba zigabanya ingufu. Muri rusange, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu rya sisitemu yo koza imyenda yo mu tunnel riri hasi ugereranije n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zikoreshwa n'imashini yo koza imyenda yo mu nganda. Ariko, uburyo iri hasi bisaba gusuzuma witonze kuko ibi bifitanye isano no kumenya niba uruganda rwo kumesa imyenda ruzagira inyungu igihe kirekire mu gihe kizaza, n'inyungu rushobora kubona. Kuri ubu, ikiguzi cy'abakozi b'inganda zo kumesa imyenda zifite igenzura ryiza (hatarimo ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho) kingana na 15%-17%. Ibi biterwa n'ubwikorezi bwinshi n'imicungire inoze, ntabwo ari ukugabanya imishahara y'abakozi. Ikiguzi cy'umwuka cyo mu tunnel kiri hagati ya 10% na 15%. Niba amafaranga akoreshwa mu mwuka buri kwezi ari 500.000 RMB, kandi hakabaho kuzigama 10%, inyungu ya buri kwezi ishobora kwiyongeraho 50.000 RMB, ni ukuvuga 600.000 RMB ku mwaka.
Umwotsi urakenewe mu buryo bukurikira mu ruganda rwo kumesa imyenda: 1. Koza no gushyushya 2. Kumisha igitambaro 3. Gutera ipasi amashuka n'amashuka. Uburyo umwuka ukoreshwa muri ubu buryo biterwa n'ingano y'amazi akoreshwa mu kumesa, ubushuhe bw'imyenda nyuma yo kubura amazi, n'ingufu icyuma cyumisha imyenda gikoresha.
Byongeye kandi, ingano y'amazi akoreshwa mu kumesa ni kimwe mu bigize ikiguzi cy'uruganda rwo kumesa. Amazi akoreshwa mu mashini zisanzwe zo kumesa muri rusange ni 1:20 (1 kg y'ipamba ikoresha 20 kg z'amazi), mu gihe amazi akoreshwa murisisitemu zo koza imyenda yo mu tunnelni nkeya, ariko itandukaniro riri hagati y’uko buri kirango kiri hasi riratandukanye. Ibi bifitanye isano n’imiterere yacyo. Imiterere y’amazi asubiwemo neza ishobora kugera ku ntego yo kuzigama amazi yo gukaraba cyane.
Ni gute wasuzuma niba sisitemu yo koza imashini mu mwobo ikoresha ingufu nke muri uru rwego? Tuzabisangiza ibi birambuye mu nkuru ikurikira.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 12 Nzeri 2024