Mu myaka ya vuba aha, uko inganda nyinshi zimesa imyenda zahisemo uburyo bwo koza imyenda mu tunnel, inganda nazo zifite ubumenyi bwimbitse ku mashini zoza imyenda mu tunnel kandi zungutse ubumenyi bw’umwuga, ntizikigendera ku buryo buhumye mu kugura. Inganda nyinshi zimesa imyenda zishyiraho urwego rwo gusukura, gukora neza cyane, kwangirika kugabanuka, gukoresha ingufu nke z’amazi n’umwuka, nibindi. Nk’ibipimo n’amahame by’ingenzi mu kugurasisitemu yo kumesa imyenda yo mu tunnel, uretse kwita ku mikorere ihamye y'ibikoresho, iyo uguze imashini yoza muri tunnel.
Abakiriya benshi baguze sisitemu yo kumesa imyenda y’imizigo ...
Imikorere myiza yaicyuma cyo koza mu tunnelkandi kwangirika kw'imyenda bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'imashini ikura amazi. Iyo imashini ikoresha imashini yose yo kumesa imyenda idatanga imbaraga, imashini yose yo kumesa imyenda ntabwo itanga imbaraga. Bityo, imashini ni yo shingiro ry'imashini yose. Tuzasesengura byimbitse impamvu imashini ikoresha imashini yangiza imyenda bitewe n'igishushanyo mbonera, imiterere n'amahame bigufitiye akamaro.
Ibiranga imashini nziza yo gukurura amazi
● Ihindagurika ry'imiterere
Imiterere n'ubudahangarwa bw'imashini: bishingiye ku miterere y'imashini, imiterere yayo, na sisitemu y'amazi
● Igihe cyo gukamura
Igihe cyo gukanda imigati y'ipamba: kumenya imikorere myiza y'uburyo bwose bwo kumesa imashini
● Ubushyuhe burimo
Ubushuhe bw'Ishati nyuma yo gukandagirwa: menya niba uruganda rutunganya imyenda rudakoresha ingufu cyangwa rutazigama
● Igipimo cy'ibyangiritse
Gukuraho igipimo cy'ivunika ry'imyenda: Kugenzura ikiguzi cy'uruganda rwo kumesa imyenda no kumenyekana kwayo.
Tuzatanga isesengura rirambuye ku kintu cya kane. Ku bijyanye n'igipimo cy'ibyangiritse by'uruganda rwose rwo kumesa imyenda, uretse ibyangiritse biterwa n'agace k'imbere k'icyuma cyo kumesa imyenda ndetse no gusaza kw'imyenda, ibisigaye bigomba guturuka ahanini ku kwangirika kw'icyuma.imashini ikura amaziKu bijyanye n'ibyangiritse by'itangazamakuru, tugomba gusobanukirwa ihame ry'imikorere y'itangazamakuru n'imiterere y'itangazamakuru.
Imiterere idakwiye ya porogaramu zo gukanda
Hari impamvu nyinshi zituma itangazamakuru ryangiza imyenda, kandi iyi nkuru yibanda ku miterere idakwiye ya gahunda y’itangazamakuru.
Muri iki gihe, imyenda myinshi yogejwe n'uruganda rumesa imyenda itangwa na hoteli, kandi ubwoko bw'imyenda ni ingenzi cyane. Amasaro yo kumesa imyenda akorera amahoteli ashobora kuba afite abakiriya ba hoteli 40-50 gusa, mu gihe amwe manini ashobora gukorera abarenga ijana. Ibipimo bya buri mwenda, ubucucike bw'imyenda, n'ibikoresho ntabwo ari bimwe. Nanone, ibintu nk'ikoreshwa ry'igihe n'ingano y'iy'iyashaje n'iy'ishya biratandukanye cyane. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibisabwa mu buryo bwihutirwa ni byinshi cyane.
Iyo icyuma gikase neza cyane, amazi menshi mu gikase azaba make. Gikoresha cyane cyane agafuka k'amazi kugira ngo gikase hejuru y'igikase kugira ngo gisohoke, kandi amazi ari mu gikase ahita akurwamo kugira ngo hagerwe ku ntego yo kubura amazi. Amazi ava imbere mu gikase vuba azatera igitutu kinini ku gikase. Niba ubwiza bw'igikase cyose bungana, tubikesha ibizamini, tuzi ko nta kibazo gushyiraho igihe gihamye cyo gukase n'igitutu kugira ngo hamenyekane ko ibyangiritse ku gikase biri mu nzira yo kugicunga.
Mu by’ukuri, ibipimo by’ipamba, ubucucike bw’imyenda, ibikoresho, igihe cyo kuyikoresha, n’ingano ishaje n’ishya yo gusaza ntabwo ari bimwe. Muri iki gihe, hamwe n’igihe kimwe n’igitutu kimwe, nta buryo bwo kwemeza ko ipamba itarangirika.uruganda rwo kumesa imyendaBa nyir'inzu baravuga bati, ni iyihe mpamvu yatumye umwenda wanjye mushya ushwanyaguzwa? Ubucucike bw'umwenda mushya waguzwe ni bunini, kandi uruganda rw'umwenda rwakoze ingano kugira ngo umwenda mushya usa neza. Muri iki gihe, umwenda mushya urashobora kwinjira, kandi ubushobozi bwo kwinjira ntabwo ari bwiza. Iyo umukandara ushyize igitutu ku mwenda mu gihe gito cyane, umwuka n'amazi biri mu mwenda ntibishobora gusohoka mu gihe. Bitewe n'isano iri hagati y'igitutu, bizangiza umwenda.
Nubwo nta byangiritse byihuse byagaragaye, insinga zari zarangiritse. Nubwo amazi n'umwuka byagenda neza nyuma yo gukaraba igihe runaka, igihe cyo kumara imyenda kizagabanuka kuko insinga zangiritse mu ntangiriro.
Ibisubizo bya CLM
Sisitemu y'itangazamakuru yatoranijwe naCLMbashobora guhitamo uburyo butandukanye bwo gukanda bitewe n'uburyo imyenda imeze. (Imyenda igabanyijemo ibi bikurikira: amasume, amashuka, ibipfukisho by'amashuka, imifariso, ipamba, ipamba, polyester, ivanze, nibindi)
Igihe cyo gukora kw'ipamba kiratandukanye, kandi igitutu igitambaro gishobora kwihanganira kiratandukanye.
Hari ingano zitandukanye z'imyenda y'ipamba n'iy'imyotsi isohoka, kandi bisaba ibikorwa bitandukanye kugira ngo igenzurwe.
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imyenda y'ibitambaro ikenera ibikorwa bitandukanye kugira ngo igenzurwe.
Imashini zicapa za CLM zifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukanda kugira ngo zigenzure ko zangirika kubera izi mpamvu. Imashini zicapa za CLM zigabanyijemo igice cyo gukanda mbere y’uko zishyirwamo n’ibice bitatu by’ingenzi by’umuvuduko. Hashobora gutorwamo gukanda mbere y’uko zishyirwamo n’aho zishyirwamo mbere y’uko zishyirwamo. Ishobora gushyiraho uburyo butandukanye bwo gukanda hakurikijwe imyenda itandukanye kugira ngo igabanye igipimo cyo kwangirika kw’imyenda.
❑ Gukanda mbere no gukanda ku gice cy'ingenzi
Akamaro k'ingenzi ko gukanda mbere ni uku: iyo umwenda ushyizwe mu gikapu cyo gukanda, amazi aba menshi, kandi ntangana. Umwe mu mwenda uhambirwa ku gipfundikizo. Umuvuduko usanzwe ushobora gushyirwa ku gitutu gito cyane, kandi aho bihurira no gusohora amazi menshi n'umwuka mu gihe urimo kungana n'umwenda utaringaniye. Muri uru rugendo, agafuka k'amazi ntigatanga umuvuduko.
Hanyuma shyiramo agakoresho gakomeye. Igice cya mbere ni inzira yo gusohora amazi n'imyotsi ya kabiri, kandi aho amazi ashyirwa hagomba gukandwa unyuze mu mwobo w'imyotsi ya kajugujugu kugira ngo amazi n'umwuka byinshi bisohoke mu mwenda. Iyi ntambwe ishobora guhagarara kugira ngo ikingire umwenda. Umuvuduko muke n'umuvuduko muke bigomba kwemezwa kugira ngo bikuremo ubushuhe bwatewe n'umwenda. Muri iki cyiciro, umwenda ukandagirwa cyane n'umuvuduko muke kugira ngo wirinde ko umwenda ucika ku rwego rwo hejuru, mu gihe ukandagira ubushuhe bwinshi bwatewe n'umwenda.
Iyo agafuka k'amazi ko mu cyiciro cya kabiri kageze ku gitutu runaka, gashyirwa ku cyiciro cya gatatu kugira ngo gakomeze kubikwa. Akamaro k'iki cyiciro ni ukunyunyuza amazi asigaye. Iki cyiciro gishobora gushyiraho igihe. Uko bimara igihe kirekire, niko amazi menshi asohoka.
❑ Amatawulo yo gukanda
Igitambaro ubwacyo nticyoroshye kugisya. Iyo porogaramu yo gukanda igitambaro idashobora kugera kuri metero 42 hejuru yacyo (Imashini ya CLMishobora kugera kuri bar 47), hanyuma ubushuhe bw'amatawuli buzaba buri hejuru. Igihe cyo kumisha n'ingufu bikoreshwa bizaba byinshi, ibyo bikaba bidahuye n'ibisabwa na sisitemu isanzwe yo kumesa imiyoboro.
Iyo gahunda yo gukaranga igitambaro ishyizweho, icyiciro cyo gukaranga mbere yo gukaranga gishobora guhagarikwa, kandi igihe kinini gikwiye guhabwa icyiciro cyo gukaranga nyamukuru n'icyiciro cyo gufata umuvuduko. Uko igihe cyo gufata umuvuduko kirekire, ni ko amazi menshi azasohoka, ni ko ubushuhe bugabanuka, igihe cyo kuma kigabanuka, kandi ni ko ingufu zigabanuka.
❑ Impapuro zometseho imyenda n'udupfundikizo tw ...
Bamwe mu bakiriya ba hoteli bakomeje gukoresha amashuka y'imyaka ine cyangwa itanu n'udupfundikizo tw'imyenda tudacitse. Kuri ubu bwoko bw'amashuka yo kuryamaho n'udupfundikizo tw'imyenda, dushobora kugenzura ibyangiritse dukoresheje uburyo bwo guhindura umuvuduko, aho duherereye n'umuvuduko wa buri ntambwe. Hashyizweho uburyo butandukanye kuri buri mwenda kugira ngo hagenzurwe umuvuduko w'imashini yose, aho kugabanya umuvuduko w'imashini yose kugira ngo hirindwe ko umwenda wameneka, ibyo bikazongera umuvuduko w'umwuka ukoreshwa mu ruganda rumesa imyenda.
Imiterere y'inyubako n'ibikoresho by'imashini bizajya bikoresha mu itangazamakuru nabyo bizagira ingaruka ku kwangirika kw'imyenda. Tuzakomeza kubisesengura mu nkuru ikurikira.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-16-2025